The Introduction of Glass Types

What kinds of glasses must we know when dealing with door and window projects and dry curtain wall projects?

Here are 24 kinds of common glass in the market. Let's have a look!

1. Tempered glass

Toughened glass is a glass product obtained by heating the glass to a temperature close to the softening temperature of glass (600-650 ℃), rapidly cooling it or chemically toughening it. It has good mechanical properties and heat shock resistance. After the original glass is heat-treated in the tempering furnace, its structural performance is improved, and its strength is increased by 3-5 times. It can withstand external impact of certain energy or temperature change without breaking. Even if it is broken, the whole glass is broken into small obtuse angle particles similar to honeycomb, which is not easy to hurt people, so it has certain safety.

2. Crystal glass

It is made of glass beads in a refractory mold. Glass beads are made of silicon dioxide and other additives as the main raw materials, and then crystallized by flame melting after blending. Its appearance is smooth and has various forms of fine wire mesh or decorative patterns imitating natural stones. It has good strength, chemical stability and atmospheric erosion resistance.

3. Mirror glass

Also known as polished glass, it is a glass made of flat glass after polishing. It can be divided into single-sided polishing and double-sided polishing. The surface is smooth and glossy. The transmittance is greater than 84% and the thickness is 4-6mm.

4. Hot bending glass

After the original glass is heated in the hot bending furnace, it is formed in the mold. The two hot bending glasses can be further combined into hot bending laminated glass.

5. Glass brick

Also known as extra thick glass, it has two types: hollow and solid. The solid glass brick is made by mechanical pressing method, and the hollow glass brick is made by box mold pressing, two pieces of glass are heated and welded into a whole, the hollow brick is filled with dry air in the middle, and then annealed, and the gap is sealed on the side.

6. Glazed glass

Glazed glass is made by coating a layer of colored and fusible colored glaze on the glass surface, heating it until the glaze melts, so that the glaze layer is firmly combined with the glass, and then annealing or tempering. It has good chemical stability and decoration, and is suitable for exterior wall finishing of buildings.

7. Glass brocade brick

It is made by sintering or calendering with glass as the base material or raw glass as the fine powder and adding fluoride emulsion, oxidant and other additives. It has the characteristics of light weight, corrosion resistance and no discoloration.

8. Colored glass tile

The face brick made of thick glass has the advantages of light weight, high strength and good thermal stability. It has the characteristics of different patterns, different colors, dazzling and easy to paste.

9. Glass fiber reinforced plastics

Glass fiber reinforced plastics (also known as glass fiber reinforced plastics, the internationally recognized abbreviation is GFRP or FRP), is a kind of composite material with many varieties, unique properties and wide applications. It is a new functional material made of synthetic resin and glass fiber through composite process. FRP materials have the characteristics of light weight, high specific strength, corrosion resistance, good electrical insulation, slow heat transfer, good thermal insulation, good resistance to instantaneous ultra-high temperature, easy coloring, and transmission of electromagnetic waves.

10. Hollow glass

Hollow glass is composed of two or more layers of ordinary flat glass. Two or more pieces of glass are bonded and sealed with sealing strips and glass strips with high strength and high air tightness composite adhesives around. The middle is filled with dry gas and the frame is filled with desiccant to ensure the dryness of the air between the glass sheets.

11. Laminated glass

Laminated glass is composed of two or more pieces of float glass, one or more layers of PVB, pressurized and heated by high-pressure kilns and other equipment. Because this bonding material has good impact resistance and bonding performance, when the glass is broken by impact, due to the bonding effect of the PVB film sandwiched between the two pieces of ordinary glass, it will not produce sharp fragments like ordinary glass after breaking. At the same time, its PVB intermediate film has the performance of sound insulation and sunlight control, which makes it a new building material with energy-saving and environmental protection functions. The use of laminated glass can not only isolate the 1000 ~ 2000 Hz coincidence noise that can penetrate ordinary glass, but also block more than 99% of ultraviolet rays and absorb heat in the infrared spectrum.

12. Float glass

The process of float production is completed in a tin bath filled with protective gas. Molten glass flows continuously from the tank furnace and floats on the surface of the tin liquid with high relative density. Under the action of gravity and surface tension, the glass liquid spreads out and flattens on the tin liquid surface, forming a flat upper and lower surface. After hardening and cooling, it is led to the transition roller table. The roller of the roller table rotates to pull the glass ribbon out of the tin bath and into the annealing furnace.

13. Heat reflective glass

Generally, heat reflective glass is coated with one or more thin films composed of metals such as chromium, titanium or stainless steel or their compounds on the glass surface to make the product colorful. It has appropriate transmittance for visible light, high reflectivity for infrared rays and high absorption rate for ultraviolet rays. Therefore, it is also called sunlight control glass and is mainly used in buildings and glass curtain walls.

14. U-shaped glass

U-shaped glass (also known as trough glass) is a new type of building energy-saving wall profile glass. It is made of broken glass, quartz sand and other raw materials. It has the characteristics of good daylighting, heat insulation, sound insulation, noise prevention, high mechanical strength, anti-aging and light resistance. The shape is a banner type, with the flavor of the times of straightness, elegance and smooth lines, and has a unique decorative effect. Moreover, the installation is convenient and the comprehensive cost is low. Compared with the ordinary steel plate glass structure, the cost can be reduced by 20% - 40%, the operation volume can be reduced by 30% - 50%, and the consumption of glass and metal can be saved.

15. Laminated fireproof glass

Wire fire-proof glass is a composite glass made by adding metal wire and mesh into the interlayer of organic film or inorganic adhesive between two layers of glass. After adding wire or mesh, it can only improve the overall impact strength of fire-proof glass, but also connect with electric heating and safety alarm system to play a variety of functions. The only defect of the fireproof glass is poor light transmittance.

16. Flat glass

Plate glass is a transparent and colorless plate glass made of quartz sandstone powder, silica sand, potassium fossils, soda ash, mirabilite and other raw materials in a certain proportion and melted at high temperature in a furnace. Traditional glass products, mainly used for doors and windows, play a role in light transmission, wind protection and heat preservation. It is required to be colorless, with good transparency and smooth surface without defects.

17. Low radiation glass

Low radiation glass is a thin film system composed of multiple layers of metals such as silver, copper or tin or their compounds plated on the glass surface. The product has high transmittance to visible light, high reflectivity to infrared light, and good heat insulation performance. It is mainly used in buildings, automobiles, ships and other communication tools. Because of the poor strength of the film, it is generally made into hollow glass.

18. Coated glass

Coated glass is to coat one or more layers of metal, alloy or metal compound films on the surface of glass to change the optical properties of glass and meet certain specific requirements.

19. Hollow fireproof glass

Hollow fireproof glass is a new type of fireproof glass. It is a new type of glass with sound insulation, noise reduction, thermal insulation and fire prevention functions. It is based on the production of hollow glass. It only needs to coat a layer of metal salt on the glass substrate on the side where it is likely to contact fire or flame. After drying at a certain temperature and humidity, it can be processed into hollow fire-resistant glass for hollow glass doors, windows, partitions, partitions, fire lanes, etc. with different shapes.

20. Laminated composite fireproof glass

Laminated composite fire-proof glass is a common and best-selling transparent laminated composite fire-proof glass in the domestic and foreign markets. It is composed of two or more layers of flat glass sandwiched with transparent fireproof adhesive. The strength of its fireproofing mainly depends on the performance of the fireproofing adhesive. Fire retardant adhesives can be generally divided into two categories: inorganic materials (sodium silicate or also known as water glass) and organic materials (acrylamide and flame retardants).

21. Wire glass

Wire glass is also called shatterproof glass. It is made by heating ordinary flat glass to a red heat softening state, and then pressing the preheated iron wire or wire mesh into the middle of the glass.

22. Embossed glass

Embossed glass, also known as patterned glass and knurled glass, is mainly used for doors and windows, indoor partitions, bathrooms and toilets. The embossed glass has a pattern on the surface, which can transmit light, but can block the line of sight, that is, it has the characteristics of light transmission and opacity, and has excellent decorative effect.

23. Safety glass

Safety glass refers to laminated glass, toughened glass, explosion-proof glass, etc. that meet national standards, as well as hollow glass processed with them.

24. Electrically controlled dimming glass

The difference between intelligent dimming glass and ordinary glass is that it can adjust the transparency. From the technical definition, intelligent electrically controlled dimming glass is one of the special glasses for architectural decoration, also known as electrically controlled color changing glass light valve. It can be said that it is a reform of the unitary luminous property of ordinary glass and an inevitable product of the development of glass deep processing towards high technology, electronics and intelligence.

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